Compliance
Practical guidance on meeting data protection requirements across jurisdictions, from implementation steps to ongoing compliance management. Learn how to audit your website for compliance gaps, set up proper consent mechanisms, maintain documentation, and prepare for regulatory inspections and enforcement actions.
Cookie Consent Under GDPR: What Counts as Valid Consent (Article 7)
GDPR Article 7 requires cookie consent to be freely given, specific, informed, and unambiguous. Regulators across Europe are actively enforcing these conditions, with the French CNIL alone issuing over EUR 486 million in privacy fines in 2025. This article breaks down each requirement, common mistakes that trigger enforcement, and practical steps for compliance.
The 7 Core Principles of GDPR Data Processing (Article 5 Explained)
Article 5 of the GDPR establishes the seven core principles of data processing, including lawfulness, data minimisation, and storage limitation. Learn how to apply these mandatory rules to your website's cookie strategy and avoid regulatory fines.
Lawful Basis for Processing: Which of the 6 Legal Grounds Applies to You?
Article 6 of the GDPR requires every organisation that processes personal data to have a valid lawful basis before collecting or using that data. Choosing the wrong one can trigger significant fines, as Meta discovered with its EUR 390 million penalty for relying on contractual necessity instead of consent for targeted advertising. This guide breaks down all six legal grounds and helps you identify which applies to your processing activities.
Google Consent Mode v1 vs v2: What Changed and Why It Matters for Your Website
Google Consent Mode v2 added two new consent parameters and became mandatory for EEA and UK advertisers in March 2024. Sites that failed to upgrade lost access to conversion tracking, remarketing, and audience building. Here is what changed between v1 and v2, and how to get your implementation right.
CCPA vs CPRA: What Changed, What Stayed, and What It Means for Your Website
The California Privacy Rights Act amended the CCPA in 2023, raising compliance thresholds, introducing sensitive personal information as a category, and creating a dedicated enforcement agency. Fines now reach $7,988 per intentional violation, and enforcement actions exceeded $4 million in 2025 alone.
What Is the CPRA? California's Privacy Rights Act Explained for Website Owners
The California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA) expanded the original CCPA with stronger consumer rights, a dedicated enforcement agency, and stricter rules around cookies and data sharing. If your website collects data from California residents, the CPRA likely applies to you - and enforcement is already producing six- and seven-figure fines.
What Is the ePrivacy Directive? The EU Cookie Law That Still Governs Your Website
The ePrivacy Directive is the EU law that specifically regulates cookies, online tracking, and electronic communications. Despite being over two decades old, it remains the primary legal basis for cookie consent enforcement across Europe - and fines for breaching it reached record levels in 2025.
What Is GDPR and Why Does It Matter for Your Website?
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) sets strict rules for how websites handle personal data from visitors in the EU and EEA. If your site uses cookies, collects email addresses, or runs analytics, the GDPR almost certainly applies to you - even if your business is based outside Europe.
What Is CCPA? A Practical Guide to the California Consumer Privacy Act for Website Owners
The California Consumer Privacy Act gives residents control over how businesses collect, share, and sell their personal information. Unlike the GDPR, CCPA follows an opt-out model, but recent enforcement actions show regulators are tightening the screws on cookie consent, tracking, and Global Privacy Control signals.